Om fire årtier vil 66 procent af befolkningen i u-landene være bosiddende i byer. Men nogle afrikanske lande er allerede begyndt at reagere på denne forudsigelse ved at fremme udvikling i landområderne. Forsøg på at standse migration til byerne har været gjort før, men ikke alle er lykkedes.
JOHANNESBURG, 10. januar, 2013 (IRIN): – In another four decades, urban residents will account for 66 percent of the population in developing countries, saysthe Population Division of the UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA).
As climate change contributes to cyclical droughts and floods, many African and Asian countries are witnessing large numbers of people moving from vulnerable rural regions to urban centres. Poor countries have begun to respond to this movement of people. Some African countries, for example, are trying to promote rural development in a bid to stem the rural-to-urban migration.
This had been a goal of Brazil’s military regime back in the 1960s. It had tried to stimulate economic activity in outlying regions and to reduce migration to its cities – but those efforts did not deter people from moving into cities. In fact, it led to the promotion of urban inequality, with large segments of the population inhabiting poorly located and poorly served informal settlements, the now-famous favelas.
Similarly, the former Soviet Union imposed an internal passport regime to restrict access to its urban areas as early as 1932. These controls forced many undocumented migrants to live in deplorable conditions.
The efforts and missteps of these and other BRICS countries (together they are: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) offer lessons on migration policy for the rest of the developing world, says a paper produced jointly by the UN Population Fund (UNFPA) and the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED).
The BRICS, which have the world’s fastest growing economies, have tinkered with every kind of response to rapid urbanization. Collectively, their experiences reveal some dos and don’ts.
Læs videre på:http://irinnews.org/Report/97211/GLOBAL-Lessons-from-BRICs
