Afrikas nyeste nation har måttet indstille alle udviklingsprojekter og kæmper med økonomisk overlevelse, etniske konflikter, små grænsekrige, flygtningestrømme og bag det hele: Dyb fattigdom.
JUBA, 9 July 2012 (IRIN): As South Sudan marks its first year of independence on 9 July, room for optimism looks limited: the economy is in free-fall, development plans are on hold as humanitarian crises take precedence (fylder det hele), and there is a real fear of a major escalation of hostilities with Sudan.
IRIN takes a look at some of the key challenges facing the world’s newest country, one still struggling to emerge from the devastation wreaked by decades of civil war.
What are the prospects for defusing tensions with Khartoum?
Months of talks led by the African Union have yet to bear fruit. In early April, the two Sudans embarked on a month-long war on the undefined border they had agreed to start demarcating.
South Sudan occupied oil fields in a disputed area that produces around half of Sudan’s oil output, while Khartoum’s counter-insurgency operations have included bombing raids allegedly up to 70 km inside South Sudan.
Security agreements, including on a demilitarized zone along the border, have stalled (brudt sammen), and each side claims the other is funding rebel groups within its borders.
Sudan has repeatedly accused South Sudan of supporting rebels in the border states of South Kordofan and Blue Nile who during the 1983-2005 civil war were part of the southern Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Army.
Juba maintains that the northern wing of the insurgency, SPLA-N, has operated independently since secession (løsrivelsen fra Sudan).
As well as these security issues, rapprochement also depends on reaching agreements on sharing oil-revenue, demarcating the border, and establishing citizenship rights.
Border clashes started just days before the two countries were supposed to sign a deal that would respect the “four freedoms” regarding citizenship.
In April, some 14.000 people awaiting transport to South Sudan were evicted from the Sudanese river port of Kosti, White Nile State, forcing aid agencies to bus people up to Khartoum and fly them to Juba.
Up to half a million Southerners are still living in Sudan.
What about internal conflict?
Læs videre på
http://www.irinnews.org/Report/95826/Briefing-South-Sudan-one-year-on-from-independence
