Et fattigt liv – især uden olie
JUBA, 14 February 2012 (IRIN) – South Sudan, one of the poorest countries in the world, reliant on oil for 98 percent of its revenues (indtægter), has taken the drastic step of halting crude oil production.
The step was taken in January as a row with former civil war foe Sudan over transit fees hit a deadlock.
Even with oil revenue, the challenges facing world’s youngest country are monumental:
* more than two decades of conflict prevented any significant infrastructural development;
* agricultural output falls far short of needs and with food aid funding insufficient to make up the difference there is a real danger of a major food crisis;
* the state security services have been unable to quell inter-communal conflict, notably in Jonglei, South Sudan’s largest and most populous state;
* tens of thousands of Sudanese civilians have sought refuge in South Sudan from borderland clashes between the Sudanese army and rebels with strong historical ties to South Sudan’s leadership; and
* hundreds of thousands of people of Southern origin living in Sudan may have to leave for lack of residency rights.
As Sudan and South Sudan meet for another round of African Union-brokered talks in Ethiopia, IRIN offers this briefing on the oil situation:
How much oil production has been stopped?
The South’s secession (løsrivelse) in July 2011 deprived Sudan of three-quarters of its output, about 350.000 barrels a day.
Between July and December 2011 production was worth 3,2 billion US dollar. The oil is piped northwards to marine terminals in Sudan, making an as-yet elusive agreement on how to share revenue and costs crucial to post-war relations between the two states.
This production was halted after South Sudan complained that Sudan was levying (pålagde) transit fees of 38 dollar per barrel – considerably above international norms – and had “stolen” 815 million dollar of crude.
South Sudan says it will only resume production after this sum is paid back.
Sudan says it confiscated the oil as “payment in kind” for unpaid transit fees.
The two nations signed a non-aggression pact on the first day of fresh talks in the Ethiopian capital Addis Ababa on 10 February, after leaders of both countries warned of a real prospect of a return to war.
How quickly could output be resumed?
Læs videre på http://www.irinnews.org/report.aspx?reportid=94858
