GENEVA, 11 September 2015 (UN News Service): Two independent United Nations human rights experts welcomed Friday the recommendation to abolish (opgive) the death penalty by India, as well as the decision to reduce the number of crimes subject to the death penalty by the Chinese authorities.
In August, the Indian Law Commission issued a report concluding that the death penalty does not act as an effective deterrent, and recommended its abolition for all crimes except terrorism-related offences, and waging war.
China amended several provisions of its Criminal Law after the session of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee.
The changes replace the death penalty by life imprisonment for several offences, including
* the smuggling of weapons, ammunition, nuclear materials and counterfeit currency;
* arranging for a person or forcing a person to carry out prostitution;
* the obstruction of duty of a police officer; and creating rumours during wartime to mislead people.
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“The conclusions and recommendations of the Indian Law Commission represent an important voice in favour of the abolition of the death penalty in India,” said the Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, Christof Heyns.
Juan Méndez, the Special Rapporteur on torture, noted that the Commission “recognized the immense suffering caused by the death row phenomenon as a seemingly inevitable consequence of the imposition of the death penalty”.
“This recognition supports the emergence of a customary norm that considers the death penalty as, per se, running afoul of the prohibition of torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment.”
The Indian authorities should review the findings very carefully and ratify the Convention against Torture, he added.
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“By adopting these amendments to its criminal code, China has made progress in the right direction; this needs to be encouraged,” the UN experts noted.
“These new developments in India and China are in line with the general trend towards the abolition of the death penalty at a global level, even if there are isolated moves in the opposite direction,” said Mr. Heyns.
Special rapporteurs are appointed by the Geneva-based UN Human Rights Council to examine and report back on a country situation or a specific human rights theme. The positions are honorary and the experts are not UN staff, nor are they paid for their work.
